Are you interested in reading Minna No Nihongo Lesson 19 vocabulary and grammar? If you are, you are in the right place.
Learning Japanese can be an exciting journey, and one of the most widely used textbooks for beginners is Minna no Nihongo. In Lesson 19, we dive deeper into essential vocabulary that will help you express preferences, describe experiences, and engage in more detailed conversations. This article will break down the key vocabulary from Lesson 19 and provide tips to understand and memorize these words effectively.
Minna No Nihongo Lesson 19 Vocabulary Practice
Here is a curated list of vocabulary from Minna no Nihongo Lesson 19 with English translations and tips for usage:
| Japanese (Kana) | Romaji | English Meaning | Tips |
|---|---|---|---|
| のぼります (登ります) | noborimasu | to climb/go up | Commonly used for mountains or stairs. Use with “yama” (山) for mountains. |
| とまります (泊まります) | tomarimasu | to stay (overnight) | Often paired with hotels: ホテル (hoteru). |
| そうじします (掃除します) | souji shimasu | to clean | Practice this verb by combining it with “heya” (部屋), meaning “room.” |
| せんたくします (深遠します) | sentaku shimasu | to do laundry | Commonly used with “fuku” (衣), meaning “clothes.” |
| れんしう (練習) | renshuu | practice | Use it as “renshuu shimasu” (練習します) to mean “to practice.” |
| そのごろ | sono goro | those days/at that time | Useful for narrating past experiences. |
| すもう (相手公) | sumou | sumo wrestling | A culturally significant sport in Japan. Watch videos to remember! |
| ななめ (総合) | tanoshii | fun/enjoyable | Use it to describe events, activities, or places you like. |
Sentence Examples
Using vocabulary in sentences is crucial for retention. Here are some practical examples:
山に登りました。
Yama ni noborimashita.
(I climbed a mountain.)ホテルに泊まりました。
Hoteru ni tomarimashita.
(I stayed at a hotel.)深遠をしなくちゃ。
Sentaku o shinakucha.
(I need to do the laundry.)練習が大切です。
Renshuu ga daiji desu.
(Practice is important.)
Grammar Points Of Minna no Nihongo, lesson 19
1. ～たことがあります (Have you ever ～?)
| Grammar | English | Indonesian | Vietnamese | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Structure | [Verb (た-form)] + ことがあります | [Kata kerja (bentuk た)] + ことがあります | [Động từ (thể た)] + ことがあります | |
| Usage | Expresses past experience | Menyatakan pengalaman masa lalu | Diễn đạt kinh nghiệm trong quá khứ | |
| Example Sentence | 日本に行ったことがありますか。 | Apakah kamu pernah pergi ke Jepang? | Bạn đã từng đến Nhật Bản chưa? |
2. ～たり、～たりします (Do things like ～ and ～)
| Grammar | English | Indonesian | Vietnamese | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Structure | [Verb (た-form)] + り + [Verb (た-form)] + り + します | [Kata kerja (bentuk た)] + り + [Kata kerja (bentuk た)] + り + します | [Động từ (thể た)] + り + [Động từ (thể た)] + り + します | |
| Usage | Lists representative actions | Menyebutkan tindakan perwakilan | Liệt kê các hành động tiêu biểu | |
| Example Sentence | 日曜日は本を読んだり、映画を見たりします。 | Pada hari Minggu saya membaca buku dan menonton film. | Vào Chủ nhật tôi đọc sách và xem phim. |
3. なります (To become)
| Grammar | English | Indonesian | Vietnamese | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Structure | い-adjective (remove い) + くなります な-adjective + になります Noun + になります | い-kata sifat (hapus い) + くなります な-kata sifat + になります Kata benda + になります | Tính từ い (bỏ い) + くなります Tính từ な + になります Danh từ + になります | |
| Usage | Expresses change or transformation | Menyatakan perubahan atau transformasi | Diễn đạt sự thay đổi hoặc biến đổi | |
| Example Sentence | 日本語が上手になりました。 | Bahasa Jepang saya menjadi lebih baik. | Tiếng Nhật của tôi đã tiến bộ hơn. |
4. いちども～ません (Not even once ～)
| Grammar | English | Indonesian | Vietnamese | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Structure | いちども + [Verb (negative)] | いちども + [Kata kerja (negatif)] | いちども + [Động từ (phủ định)] | |
| Usage | Expresses “not even once” | Diễn đạt “chưa từng một lần nào” | ||
| Example Sentence | 寿司をいちども食べたことがありません。 | Saya belum pernah makan sushi sama sekali. | Tôi chưa từng ăn sushi lần nào. |
Grammar Plush Points for Minna no Nihongo Lesson 19
1. ~たことがあります (Have you ever ~?)
Key Points:
- Used to express past experiences.
- Structure: 【Verb (ta-form)】 + ことがあります
- Negative form: 【Verb (ta-form)】 + ことがありません
Examples:
- 日本に行ったことがありますか。 (Have you ever been to Japan?)
- すしを食べたことがありません。 (I have never eaten sushi.)
Practice Worksheet: Fill in the blanks with the correct form:
- 私は演劇を ______ ことがあります。 (watch)
- ______ ことがありません。 (ride a horse)
Key Points:
- Used to list representative actions (not exhaustive).
- Structure: 【Verb (ta-form)】 + り + 【Verb (ta-form)】 + り + します
Examples:
- 日曜日は本を読んだり、テレビを見たりします。 (On Sundays, I read books and watch TV.)
- 学校で勉強したり、遊んだりします。 (At school, I study and play.)
Practice Worksheet: Complete the sentences with appropriate verbs:
- 私はたまに、スポーツを ______ り、音楽を ______ りします。
- ______ り、______ りします。 Create your own example.
Key Points:
- Indicates change or transformation.
- Structure:
- い-adjective (remove い) + くなります
- な-adjective + になります
- Noun + になります
Examples:
- 日本語が上手になりました。 (I became good at Japanese.)
- 私の部屋はきれいになりました。 (My room became clean.)
Practice Worksheet: Transform the sentences using なります:
- きれいな (clean) → 部屋は ______ になります。
- おおきい (big) → 家は ______ くなります。
Key Points:
- Used to express that something has never happened.
- Structure: いちども + [Verb (negative)]
Examples:
- すしをいちども食べたことがありません。 (I have never eaten sushi even once.)
- バンジャーをいちども見たことがありません。 (I have never seen a ninja even once.)
Practice Worksheet: Rewrite the sentences using いちども:
- すしを ______ことがありません。
- ______ 見たことがありません。 Choose an object, e.g., Mount Fuji.
- Combine grammar points for fluency practice.
- Encourage creating personal sentences.
- Provide vocabulary from Lesson 19 to support exercises.
Memorization Tips for Minna No Nihongo Lesson 19 Vocabulary Practice
Here are some proven strategies to help you retain this vocabulary:
- Flashcards: Create flashcards with the Japanese word on one side and the English meaning on the other. Include example sentences for context.
- Practice Daily: Incorporate these words into your daily conversations. For instance, describe your day using phrases like “souji shimasu” or “sentaku shimasu.”
- Watch Videos: Engage with Japanese media that uses this vocabulary. For example, watch travel vlogs where people climb mountains or documentaries on sumo wrestling.
- Use Mnemonics: Associate words with images or stories. For example, picture a mountain (山) for “noborimasu,” and imagine yourself climbing it.
FAQs
How can I effectively memorize the vocabulary from Lesson 19?
Use flashcards, practice sentences daily, and engage with Japanese media to reinforce the vocabulary. Mnemonics and visualization can also help.
Are these words commonly used in daily conversations?
Yes, many words like “souji shimasu” (to clean) and “sentaku shimasu” (to do laundry) are part of everyday Japanese conversations.
What cultural significance does the word “sumou” have?
Sumou” refers to sumo wrestling, a traditional Japanese sport with deep cultural roots. Learning about it can enhance your appreciation of Japanese culture.
How do I use these verbs in past tense?
To form the past tense, change “-masu” to “-mashita.” For example, “noborimasu” (to climb) becomes “noborimashita” (climbed).
Can I learn these words without prior knowledge of Japanese grammar?
While understanding basic grammar helps, you can start by memorizing these words and their meanings. Gradually, grammar will make their usage clearer.