Mastering Minna no Nihongo Lesson 14 Vocabulary: A Step-by-Step Guide Minna no Nihongo, a popular textbook for Japanese learners, provides a structured approach to mastering the language. Lesson 14 is particularly vital as it introduces essential vocabulary and grammar for everyday conversations.
Overview of Minna no Nihongo Lesson 14 Vocabulary
Read More: Minna no Nihongo Lesson 13 Vocabulary
| Japanese (Kanji) | Japanese (Kana) | English Translation | Vietnamese Translation | Bahasa Indonesia Translation | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| つけます | つけます | To turn on | Bật | Menyalakan | |
| 消します | けします | To turn off, erase | Tắt, xóa | Mematikan, menghapus | |
| 開けます | あけます | To open (a door, etc.) | Mở | Membuka | |
| 閉めます | しめます | To close (a door, etc.) | Đóng | Menutup | |
| 急ぎます | いそぎます | To hurry | Vội vàng | Terburu-buru | |
| 待ちます | まちます | To wait | Chờ đợi | Menunggu | |
| 持ちます | もちます | To hold, carry | Mang, cầm | Membawa, memegang | |
| 取ります | とります | To take, pass | Lấy, đưa | Mengambil, menyerahkan | |
| 手伝います | てつだいます | To help | Giúp đỡ | Membantu | |
| 呼びます | よびます | To call | Gọi | Memanggil | |
| 話します | はなします | To speak, talk | Nói chuyện | Berbicara | |
| 見せます | みせます | To show | Cho xem | Menunjukkan | |
| 教えます | おしえます | To teach, tell | Dạy, nói | Mengajar, memberi tahu | |
| 始めます | はじめます | To begin | Bắt đầu | Memulai | |
| 座ります | すわります | To sit down | Ngồi | Duduk | |
| 立ちます | たちます | To stand up | Đứng lên | Berdiri | |
| 入ります | はいります | To enter | Vào | Masuk | |
| 出ます | でます | To go out | Ra ngoài | Keluar | |
| 降ります | ふります | To fall (rain, snow) | Rơi (mưa, tuyết) | Turun (hujan, salju) | |
| コピーします | コピーします | To copy | Menyalin | ||
| 名前 | なまえ | Name | Tên | Nama | |
| 地図 | ちず | Map | Bản đồ | Peta | |
| 塩 | しお | Salt | Muối | Garam | |
| 砂糖 | さとう | Sugar | Đường | Gula | |
| 読み方 | よみかた | Way of reading | Cách đọc | Cara membaca | |
| 問題 | もんだい | Problem, question | Vấn đề, câu hỏi | Masalah, pertanyaan | |
| 答え | こたえ | Answer | Câu trả lời | Jawaban | |
| ゆっくり | ゆっくり | Slowly | Từ từ | Perlahan | |
| すぐ | すぐ | Immediately | Ngay lập tức | Segera | |
| また | また | Again, also | Lại, nữa | Lagi, juga | |
| あとで | – | Later | Sau đó | Nanti |
Grammar Table with Examples
This grammar is used to request or instruct someone to act politely.
Formation:
- Verb (て-form) + ください
| Japanese (Kanji) | Japanese (Kana) | English | Vietnamese | Bahasa Indonesia | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 見てください | みてください | Please look | Hãy nhìn | Tolong lihat | |
| 待ってください | まってください | Please wait | Hãy chờ | Tolong tunggu | |
| 書いてください | かいてください | Please write | Hãy viết | Tolong tulis | |
| 呼んでください | よんでください | Please call | Hãy gọi | Tolong panggil | |
| 入ってください | はいってください | Please enter | Hãy vào | Tolong masuk |
Grammar Point: ～てもいいですか (May I Do Something?)
This grammar is used to ask for permission to do something.
Formation:
- Verb (て-form) + もいいですか
| Japanese (Kanji) | Japanese (Kana) | English | Vietnamese | Bahasa Indonesia | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 入ってもいいですか | はいってもいいですか | May I enter? | Tôi có thể vào được không? | Bolehkah saya masuk? | |
| 使ってもいいですか | つかってもいいですか | May I use this? | Tôi có thể sử dụng không? | Bolehkah saya menggunakan ini? | |
| 座ってもいいですか | すわってもいいですか | May I sit? | Tôi có thể ngồi không? | Bolehkah saya duduk? | |
| 見てもいいですか | みてもいいですか | May I look? | Tôi có thể nhìn không? | Bolehkah saya melihat? | |
| 食べてもいいですか | たべてもいいですか | May I eat this? | Tôi có thể ăn không? | Bolehkah saya makan ini? |
Grammar Point: ～ないでください (Please Don’t Do Something)
This grammar is used to politely ask someone not to do something.
Formation:
- Verb (ない-form) + でください
| Japanese (Kanji) | Japanese (Kana) | English | Vietnamese | Bahasa Indonesia | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 入らないでください | はいらないでください | Please don’t enter | Đừng vào | Tolong jangan masuk | |
| 消さないでください | けさないでください | Please don’t turn off | Tolong jangan matikan | ||
| 話さないでください | はなさないでください | Please don’t speak | Đừng nói | Tolong jangan berbicara | |
| 待たないでください | またないでください | Please don’t wait | Đừng chờ | Tolong jangan menunggu | |
| 書かないでください | かかないでください | Please don’t write | Đừng viết | Tolong jangan menulis |
Worksheet for Lesson 14 Grammar Points
Part 1: ～てください (Please Do Something)
A. Complete the sentences using ～てください:
- ドアを ______ ください。 (Please open the door.)
- 本を ______ ください。 (Please show me the book.)
- 名前を ______ ください。 (Please write your name.)
- 電気を ______ ください。 (Please turn off the light.)
- この地図を ______ ください。 (Please look at this map.)
Part 2: ～てもいいですか (May I Do Something?)
A. Translate into Japanese:
- May I use this pen?
- May I sit here?
- May I take a break?
- May I open the window?
- May I borrow your book?
B. Answer the following questions in Japanese (Yes or No):
- ここに座ってもいいですか？
- このコンピューターを使ってもいいですか？
- ドアを開けてもいいですか？
- 電気を消してもいいですか？
Part 3: ～ないでください (Please Don’t Do Something)
A. Complete the sentences using ～ないでください:
- ここに ______ ないでください。 (Please don’t enter here.)
- 私に ______ ないでください。 (Please don’t call me.)
- このページを ______ ないでください。 (Please don’t erase this page.)
- このボタンを ______ ないでください。 (Please don’t press this button.)
- 夜遅く ______ ないでください。 (Please don’t speak loudly at night.)
B. Translate into Japanese:
- Please don’t close the window.
- Please don’t forget your homework.
- Please don’t take photos here.
- Please don’t be late.
- Please don’t turn off the TV.
Part 4: Grammar and Vocabulary Match
A. Match the grammar point with its correct meaning:
- ～てください (a) May I do something?
- ～てもいいですか (b) Please don’t do something.
- ～ないでください (c) Please do something.
B. Match the vocabulary word with its meaning:
| Japanese (Kana) | English |
|---|---|
| あけます | A. To close |
| けします | B. To write |
| みせます | C. To show |
| しめます | D. To open |
| かきます | E. To turn off |
Conclusion
Minna no Nihongo Lesson 14 provides a rich set of vocabulary and grammar that is both practical and culturally relevant. By dedicating time to understanding and practicing these concepts, you’ll take a substantial step forward in your Japanese learning journey. Use this guide as a companion to your studies, and watch your fluency soar!
FAQs
What are the key vocabulary words in Minna no Nihongo Lesson 14?
Minna no Nihongo Lesson 14 introduces verbs, adjectives, and nouns essential for discussing actions, requests, and permissions. Examples include:
しめます (shimemasu) – to close
つけます (tsukemasu) – to turn on
けします (keshimasu) – to turn off
あけます (akemasu) – to open
How can I remember the vocabulary from Lesson 14?
To remember vocabulary effectively:
Pair actions with corresponding verbs for better retention.
Use flashcards for daily practice.
Create sentences using the new words.
Are there example sentences for Lesson 14 vocabulary?
Yes, here are a few examples:
手伝いましょうか。 (Tetsudaimashou ka) – Shall I help you?
電気をつけます。 (Denki o tsukemasu) – I will turn on the light.
ドアを開けてください。 (Doa o akete kudasai) – Please open the door.
What grammatical concepts are tied to Lesson 14 vocabulary?
This lesson emphasizes:
Offering help with 〜ましょうか (mashou ka).
Verb conjugations for polite requests (e.g., 〜てください).
Permission and prohibition using phrases like 〜てもいいです (temo ii desu) and 〜てはいけません (te wa ikemasen).
Are there online quizzes for Minna no Nihongo Lesson 14 vocabulary?
Yes, many websites and apps offer quizzes for vocabulary practice. Look for platforms like Quizlet, Anki, or dedicated Minna no Nihongo resources.
Conclusion:
Minna no Nihongo Lesson 14 provides essential vocabulary and grammar that are highly useful for everyday conversations. By mastering these words and structures, learners can effectively make requests, seek permissions, and give instructions in Japanese. The combination of vocabulary exercises, grammar explanations, and practice worksheets in this guide will help reinforce your understanding and application of these concepts. Keep practicing consistently, and soon, you’ll find yourself more confident in communicating in Japanese. Happy learning!